Kontext
Heft 2006/37,3Weitere Informationen zu dieser Zeitschrift
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ISSN 0720-1079
Inhalt
Editorial229
Übersichtsarbeiten
Wilhelm Rotthaus
Familiäre Gewalt, die von den Kindern ausgeht – Ein neues gesellschaftliches Phänomen
231
Gewalthandlungen von Kindern gegen ihre Eltern sind offensichtlich eines der letzten großen Tabus in unserer Gesellschaft. Dabei geht man in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur davon aus, dass immerhin 10% der Kinder und Jugendlichen ihre Eltern körperlich bedrohen, schlagen, treten oder ihnen absichtsvoll großen finanziellen Schaden zufügen. Aber die Eltern verschweigen diese Tatsache aus Scham über lange Zeit, und auch in der Forschung wird das Thema kaum behandelt. In dem Beitrag wird dargestellt, welche Formen kindlicher Gewalt am häufigsten auftreten, welche Bedingungsfaktoren eine wichtige Rolle spielen und wie man Eltern und Kindern helfen kann, wieder gewaltlos und in Würde zusammen zu leben.
Schlagwörter: Elternmisshandlung – kindliche Gewalt – gewaltfreier Widerstand – Deeskalation – gesellschaftlicher Wandel
Schlagwörter: Elternmisshandlung – kindliche Gewalt – gewaltfreier Widerstand – Deeskalation – gesellschaftlicher Wandel
Family violence where the perpetrators are children – a new social phenomenon
Incidences of violence perpetrated by children against their parents are without doubt one of the last big taboos in our society. According to academic studies, as many as 10% of children and adolescents threaten their parents with physical violence, hit them, kick them or deliberately inflict serious financial damage upon them. Due to shame, parents, however, tend to cover up such events for long periods of time. It is an area that has been little covered by research. This article highlights the forms in which child violence most frequently occurs, the conditions which play a vital role, and how parents and children can be helped to live together in dignity and without violence again.
Key words: parental abuse – violence in children – non-violent resistance – de-escalation – social change
Incidences of violence perpetrated by children against their parents are without doubt one of the last big taboos in our society. According to academic studies, as many as 10% of children and adolescents threaten their parents with physical violence, hit them, kick them or deliberately inflict serious financial damage upon them. Due to shame, parents, however, tend to cover up such events for long periods of time. It is an area that has been little covered by research. This article highlights the forms in which child violence most frequently occurs, the conditions which play a vital role, and how parents and children can be helped to live together in dignity and without violence again.
Key words: parental abuse – violence in children – non-violent resistance – de-escalation – social change
Günther Geiken
Von der kognitiven Einfalt zur kognitiv-emotionalen Vielfalt. Stationäre systemisch lösungs- und ressourcenorientierte Behandlung der Magersucht
247
Wir berichten über die therapeutische Vorgehensweise mit magersüchtigen Patientinnen, die oft mit einer pathologisierenden Fremdwahrnehmung und defizitorientierten Selbstwahrnehmung stationär aufgenommen werden. Intention unserer Hilfestellung ist es, den Patientinnen den Weg zu den eigenen Fähigkeiten und Ressourcen begleitend zu ermöglichen. Hilfreiche und nützliche therapeutische Ideen wie Ressourcenverankerung, Externalisieren und unsere Grundhaltung gegenüber den hilfesuchenden Systemen werden aufgezeigt. Eine erste Verlaufsstudie zeigt eine deutliche Verbesserung des Systems: 21 von 31 Patientinnen wurden von den Behandlern, den Eltern und von den Patientinnen selbst nach der Behandlung als gesund beschrieben. Der Katamnesezeitraum lag bei 18 Monaten. Eine Zuversicht erzeugende Grundhaltung wurde von den Patientinnen als sehr unterstützend angesehen. Die Eltern erlebten die Familiengespräche als hilfreich.
Schlagwörter: Anorexia nervosa – Ressourcenaktivierung – kognitiv- emotionale Vielfalt – stationäre systemische Therapie – Katamnese
Schlagwörter: Anorexia nervosa – Ressourcenaktivierung – kognitiv- emotionale Vielfalt – stationäre systemische Therapie – Katamnese
From cognitive simplicity to cognitive-emotional diversity. In-patient systemic treatment of anorexia focussed on solution and resources
We report on the therapeutic approach for anorexic patients often admitted as inpatients with pathologising perception by others and deficit-oriented self-consciousness. The intention of our support is to make it possible for the patients to concomitantly find the way to their own abilities and resources. Helpful and useful therapeutic ideas such as resource anchoring, externalising and our basic attitude towards the systems seeking help are demonstrated. A first follow-up study showed a distinct improvement of the system: 21 patients out of 31 were described as well after the treatment by the therapists, the parents and the patients themselves. The period of catamnesis was around 18 months. A basic attitude creating confidence was found to be very supporting by the patients. The parents judged the family conversations as helpful.
Key words: Anorexia nervosa – activation of resources – cognitive-emotional variety – in-patient systemic therapy – catamnesis
We report on the therapeutic approach for anorexic patients often admitted as inpatients with pathologising perception by others and deficit-oriented self-consciousness. The intention of our support is to make it possible for the patients to concomitantly find the way to their own abilities and resources. Helpful and useful therapeutic ideas such as resource anchoring, externalising and our basic attitude towards the systems seeking help are demonstrated. A first follow-up study showed a distinct improvement of the system: 21 patients out of 31 were described as well after the treatment by the therapists, the parents and the patients themselves. The period of catamnesis was around 18 months. A basic attitude creating confidence was found to be very supporting by the patients. The parents judged the family conversations as helpful.
Key words: Anorexia nervosa – activation of resources – cognitive-emotional variety – in-patient systemic therapy – catamnesis
Christoph Höger und Günther Geiken
Praxen und Kliniken im Dialog – das Besuchsprojekt der Arbeitsgemeinschaft systemische Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie (ASK)
261
Es wird über ein Projekt berichtet, in dem sich interessierte Mitarbeiter aus Institutsambulanzen/Praxen, Tageskliniken und dem vollstationären Bereich systemisch arbeitender kinder- und jugendpsychiatrischer Einrichtungen besuchten. Die Besuche standen unter den zwei Leitfragen: Wie gut arbeiten wir? Was können wir voneinander lernen? Die Durchführung wurde dadurch bestimmt, dass als zentrale Methode die Heidelberger Reflexionsliste zur systemischen Prozessgestaltung in einer überarbeiteten und mit Skalierungen versehenen Version angewendet wurde. Als Neuerung wurde eine durch strukturierte Fragen der Besucher angeregte Selbstbewertung und Selbstreflexion eingeführt. Am Besuchsprojekt nahmen Mitarbeiter aus 19 Institutionen teil. Es wurde ein breites Spektrum systemischer Arbeitsprozesse deutlich, deren Realisierung überwiegend positiv bewertet wurde. Reibungspunkte gab es mit Anforderungen des Gesundheitswesens wie Leitlinienorientierung und der Notwendigkeit psychopathologischer Befunddokumentation. Die Nützlichkeit erwies sich durch die Teilnehmerzufriedenheit, die Fülle der im Rahmen des Projekts ersichtlichen Ideen und Anregungen sowie die Absicht, solche Besuche fortzuführen. Insgesamt erscheint dieses Peer Review-Modell einer systemischen Qualitätssicherung gut praktikabel.
Schlagwörter: Arbeitsgemeinschaft systemische Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie – systemische Qualitätssicherung – Peer Review – Selbstreflexion
Schlagwörter: Arbeitsgemeinschaft systemische Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie – systemische Qualitätssicherung – Peer Review – Selbstreflexion
Surgeries and clinics in dialogue – the visit project of ASK (Association of systemic child and adolescent psychiatry)
A report is given on a project where interested staff of outpatient services of hospitals/ surgeries, day hospitals and the inpatient field of systemically working child and adolescent psychiatric institutes visited each other. The visits should answer two central questions: How good do we work? What can we learn from each other? The realisation was characterised by the fact that the Heidelberg reflection list for systemic process design was used in a revised and scaled version as central method. A self-evaluation and selfreflection encouraged through structured questions asked by the visitors was introduced as improvement. Staff from 19 institutions participated in the visit project. A wide range of systemic work processes could be revealed the realisation of which for the most part was judged to be positive. Causes of friction existed regarding requirements made by the public health service such as implementation of guidelines and the necessity of psychopathological documentation of findings. The participant’s satisfaction, the abundance of ideas and suggestions evident within the scope of the project as well as the intention of continuing such visits showed the usefulness of the project. In all, this peer review model of a systemic quality assurance seemed to be well practicable.
Key words: cooperation on systemic chid and adolescent psychiatry – systemic quality assurance – peer review – self-reflection
A report is given on a project where interested staff of outpatient services of hospitals/ surgeries, day hospitals and the inpatient field of systemically working child and adolescent psychiatric institutes visited each other. The visits should answer two central questions: How good do we work? What can we learn from each other? The realisation was characterised by the fact that the Heidelberg reflection list for systemic process design was used in a revised and scaled version as central method. A self-evaluation and selfreflection encouraged through structured questions asked by the visitors was introduced as improvement. Staff from 19 institutions participated in the visit project. A wide range of systemic work processes could be revealed the realisation of which for the most part was judged to be positive. Causes of friction existed regarding requirements made by the public health service such as implementation of guidelines and the necessity of psychopathological documentation of findings. The participant’s satisfaction, the abundance of ideas and suggestions evident within the scope of the project as well as the intention of continuing such visits showed the usefulness of the project. In all, this peer review model of a systemic quality assurance seemed to be well practicable.
Key words: cooperation on systemic chid and adolescent psychiatry – systemic quality assurance – peer review – self-reflection
Ingo Spitczok von Brisinski
Systemische Narrative, Qualitätsmanagement, Psychiatrie und Krankenkassen: Eine Reflexionsliste zur systemischen Berichtgestaltung
275
(Kinder- und jugend-)psychiatrische/psychotherapeutische Berichte dienen sehr unterschiedlichen Zwecken – von der Ermutigung der Familie, nach einem gemeinsamen Therapieprozess den weiteren Weg selbständig zu gehen bis zum Nachweis der Behandlungsbedürftigkeit gegenüber der Krankenkasse. Von vielen systemisch arbeitenden Therapeuten wird beklagt, dass ein ressourcenorientierter, entpathologisierender Therapieansatz den Erfordernissen einer Defizit und Pathologie orientierten Berichterstattung gegenüber den Krankenkassen entgegensteht und sie somit gezwungen werden, sich widersprechende Botschaften zu geben. Zum konstruktiven Umgang mit diesem Dilemma werden einige Gedanken referiert einschließlich einer Liste zur Reflexion über die eigene Berichtgestaltung unter systemischen Aspekten.
Schlagwörter: Bericht – systemisch – Psychiatrie – Krankenkasse – Reflexionsliste
Schlagwörter: Bericht – systemisch – Psychiatrie – Krankenkasse – Reflexionsliste
Systemic narratives, quality management, psychiatry and health insurance schemes: A list to reflect on systemic making of reports
(Child and adolescent) psychiatric/psychotherapeutic reports are used for varying purposes – from encouraging the family to do the onward journey without further help to providing proof of therapy necessity towards health insurance. Many systemic therapeutics lament that a resource focussed, depathologizing approach does not fit to the necessity of deficit and pathology focussed reporting towards the health insurances, so that they are forced to give contradictory messages. Some ideas about constructive coping with this dilemma are presented including a list to reflect about making of reports from a systemic view.
Key words: report – systemic – psychiatry – family – therapy
(Child and adolescent) psychiatric/psychotherapeutic reports are used for varying purposes – from encouraging the family to do the onward journey without further help to providing proof of therapy necessity towards health insurance. Many systemic therapeutics lament that a resource focussed, depathologizing approach does not fit to the necessity of deficit and pathology focussed reporting towards the health insurances, so that they are forced to give contradictory messages. Some ideas about constructive coping with this dilemma are presented including a list to reflect about making of reports from a systemic view.
Key words: report – systemic – psychiatry – family – therapy
Räusperatmosphärisches
297
Klassiker wieder gelesen
299
Autorinnen und Autoren
307
Buchbesprechungen
308
DGSF-Mitteilungen
314
Tagungskalender
321
Allgemeine Mitteilungen
323